Bandwidth Enhancement of Equilateral Triangle Microstrip Patch Antenna with Slot Loading and Dielectric Superstrate#

Abstract

In this study, effects of slot loading and dielectric superstrate techniques, which are the common bandwidth enhancement techniques in literature, are investigated on an equilateral triangle microstrip patch antenna. From these techniques, slot loading is realized by etching parts with various shapes and dimensions from the patch surface without disturbing the integrity. Dielectric superstrates can be chosen with the same or different from the substrate material of the antenna that have the same dimensions with the substrate and cover the whole patch surface. First, these bandwidth enhancement techniques are applied one by one, then with together on the microstrip patch antenna. The antenna is designed on FR-4 and simulated by HFSS. As slot shapes, Parallel (P), U and O slots are preferred. As superstrate, it is chosen with the same substrate specifications and dimensions. After, parameters of the slots are changed systematically, one parameter in each step and the others are fixed, and the parametric analysis is completed. As a result of this analysis, the optimum dimension, shape and superstrate combinations are found that given the best values for both frequencies and bandwidths. This combination is using with P-slot and superstrate together and this design gives the frequencies and the bandwidths, 1730MHz and 2460MHz, % 2.89 and % 2.03, from simulations, 1840MHz and 2530MHz, %3.804 and % 1.581, from measurements, respectively. In addition, it is seen that simulation and experiment results are compatible with each other.