The Role of Nursing and Pharmacy in Enhancing Daily Medication Adherence Among Thyroid Patients

Authors

  • Almutlaq Ahlam Mohammed T
  • Mohammed Hamoud ALSAADI
  • Maryam Muallaq Ajjaj ALRUWAILI
  • Alanazı, Khulood Naıf K
  • Alenezı, Abdulmajıd Ayed N
  • Faza Thanı Awad ALRUWAILI
  • Meshal Naıf Jayız ALRUWAILI
  • Mohammed Moteeb K ALENEZI
  • Asma Taysir ALSALEEM
  • Adel Raffaa Shehab ALANAZI
  • Almıglad, Budur Turkı M

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22399/ijcesen.3947

Keywords:

nursing, pharmacy, medication adherence, thyroid patients, education, support

Abstract

In managing thyroid conditions, adherence to prescribed medication regimens is crucial for achieving optimal health outcomes. Nurses and pharmacists play pivotal roles in enhancing medication adherence among thyroid patients by providing tailored education, support, and monitoring. Nurses are often the first point of contact for patients and can assess their understanding of treatment plans, address concerns, and encourage adherence through effective communication and follow-up care. By fostering a therapeutic relationship, nurses can empower patients to engage actively in their treatment, ultimately improving their commitment to lifestyle changes and medication intake. Pharmacists also contribute significantly to enhancing medication adherence through their expert knowledge of pharmaceuticals and their side effects. They can ensure that patients receive clear instructions on how and when to take their medications, as well as educate them about potential interactions and the importance of consistency, especially for thyroid medications that often require strict timing. Additionally, pharmacists can provide medication synchronization services, which help streamline the medication refilling process, reducing the risk of missed doses. By collaborating with healthcare providers and actively involving patients in their care plans, both nurses and pharmacists can create a comprehensive support system that enhances adherence to medication regimens among thyroid patients.

References

[1] Taylor PN, Albrecht D, Scholz A, et al. (2018). Global epidemiology of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 14(5):301-316. doi:10.1038/nrendo.2018.18 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2018.18

[2] Thayakaran R, Adderley NJ, Sainsbury C, et al. (2019). Thyroid replacement therapy, thyroid stimulating hormone concentrations, and long term health outcomes in patients with hypothyroidism: longitudinal study. BMJ. 366:l4892. Published 2019 Sep 3. doi:10.1136/bmj.l4892

[3] Lillevang-Johansen M, Abrahamsen B, Jørgensen HL, Brix TH, Hegedüs L. (2017). Excess Mortality in Treated and Untreated Hyperthyroidism Is Related to Cumulative Periods of Low Serum TSH. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 102(7):2301-2309. doi:10.1210/jc.2017-00166 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2017-00166

[4] Osterberg L, Blaschke T. (2005). Adherence to medication. N Engl J Med. 353(5):487-497. doi:10.1056/NEJMra050100 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra050100

[5] Bach-Huynh TG, Nayak B, Loh J, Soldin S, Jonklaas J. (2009). Timing of levothyroxine administration affects serum thyrotropin concentration. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 94(10):3905-3912. doi:10.1210/jc.2009-0860 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2009-0860

[6] Brito JP, Ross JS, El Kawkgi OM, et al. (2021). Levothyroxine Use in the United States, 2008-2018. JAMA Intern Med. 181(10):1402-1405. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2021.2686

[7] Mastal M, Levine J. (2012). The value of registered nurses in ambulatory care settings: a survey. Nurs Econ. 30(5):295-304.

[8] Cutler RL, Fernandez-Llimos F, Frommer M, Benrimoj C, Garcia-Cardenas V. (2018). Economic impact of medication non-adherence by disease groups: a systematic review. BMJ Open. 8(1):e016982. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016982

[9] Chisholm-Burns MA, Kim Lee J, Spivey CA, et al. (2010). US pharmacists' effect as team members on patient care: systematic review and meta-analyses. Med Care. 48(10):923-933. doi:10.1097/MLR.0b013e3181e57962

[10] Streeter SB, Schwartzberg L, Husain N, Johnsrud M. (2011). Patient and plan characteristics affecting abandonment of oral oncolytic prescriptions. J Oncol Pract. 7(3 Suppl):46s-51s. doi:10.1200/JOP.2011.000316

[11] Chia LR, Schlenk EA, Dunbar-Jacob J. (2006). Effect of personal and cultural beliefs on medication adherence in the elderly. Drugs Aging. 23(3):191-202. doi:10.2165/00002512-200623030-00002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2165/00002512-200623030-00002

[12] Dietrich JW, Gieselbrecht K, Holl RW, Boehm BO. (2006). Absorption kinetics of levothyroxine is not altered by proton-pump inhibitor therapy. Horm Metab Res. 38(1):57-59. doi:10.1055/s-2006-924980 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-924980

[13] Lee SY, Pearce EN. (2022). Assessment and treatment of thyroid disorders in pregnancy and the postpartum period. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 18(3):158-171. doi:10.1038/s41574-021-00604-z DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-021-00604-z

[14] Brito JP, Ross JS, El Kawkgi OM, et al. (2021). Levothyroxine Use in the United States, 2008-2018. JAMA Intern Med. 181(10):1402-1405. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2021.2686 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2021.2686

[15] Horvat M, Eržen I, Vrbnjak D. (2024). Barriers and Facilitators to Medication Adherence among the Vulnerable Elderly: A Focus Group Study. Healthcare (Basel). 12(17):1723. doi:10.3390/healthcare12171723 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12171723

[16] Elliott RA, Boyd MJ, Salema NE, et al. (2016). Supporting adherence for people starting a new medication for a long-term condition through community pharmacies: a pragmatic randomised controlled trial of the New Medicine Service. BMJ Qual Saf. 25(10):747-758. doi:10.1136/bmjqs-2015-004400

[17] Streeter SB, Schwartzberg L, Husain N, Johnsrud M. (2011). Patient and plan characteristics affecting abandonment of oral oncolytic prescriptions. J Oncol Pract. 7(3 Suppl):46s-51s. doi:10.1200/JOP.2011.000316 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1200/JOP.2011.000316

[18] Dewalt DA, Berkman ND, Sheridan S, Lohr KN, Pignone MP. (2004). Literacy and health outcomes: a systematic review of the literature. J Gen Intern Med. 19(12):1228-1239. doi:10.1111/j.1525-1497.2004.40153.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1497.2004.40153.x

[19] Kruk ME, Schwalbe N. (2006). The relation between intermittent dosing and adherence: preliminary insights. Clin Ther. 28(12):1989-1995. doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2006.12.011 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinthera.2006.12.011

[20] García-Pérez LE, Alvarez M, Dilla T, Gil-Guillén V, Orozco-Beltrán D. (2013). Adherence to therapies in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Ther. 4(2):175-194. doi:10.1007/s13300-013-0034-y DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13300-013-0034-y

[21] Mobini S, Allahbakhshian A, Shabanloei R, Sarbakhsh P. (2023). Illness Perception, Self-Efficacy, and Medication Adherence in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A Path Analysis of Conceptual Model. SAGE Open Nurs. 9:23779608231171772. doi:10.1177/23779608231171772 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/23779608231171772

[22] Cutler RL, Fernandez-Llimos F, Frommer M, Benrimoj C, Garcia-Cardenas V. (2018). Economic impact of medication non-adherence by disease groups: a systematic review. BMJ Open. 8(1):e016982. Published 2018 Jan 21. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016982

[23] Jones CL, Jensen JD, Scherr CL, Brown NR, Christy K, Weaver J. (2015). The Health Belief Model as an explanatory framework in communication research: exploring parallel, serial, and moderated mediation. Health Commun. 30(6):566-576. doi:10.1080/10410236.2013.873363 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2013.873363

[24] Bandura A. (2001). Social cognitive theory: an agentic perspective. Annu Rev Psychol. 52:1-26. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.1

[25] Caprara GV. (2011). Advocating an agentic and potentialist view to health psychology. Georgian Med News. (196-197):42-46.

[26] Kardas P, Lewek P, Matyjaszczyk M. (2013). Determinants of patient adherence: a review of systematic reviews. Front Pharmacol. 4:91. doi:10.3389/fphar.2013.00091 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2013.00091

[27] Elliott RA, Boyd MJ, Salema NE, et al. (2016). Supporting adherence for people starting a new medication for a long-term condition through community pharmacies: a pragmatic randomised controlled trial of the New Medicine Service. BMJ Qual Saf. 25(10):747-758. doi:10.1136/bmjqs-2015-004400 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2015-004400

[28] Conn VS, Ruppar TM. (2017). Medication adherence outcomes of 771 intervention trials: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Prev Med. 99:269-276. doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.03.008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.03.008

[29] Nieuwlaat R, Wilczynski N, Navarro T, et al. (2014). Interventions for enhancing medication adherence. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014(11):CD000011. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000011.pub4

[30] Bandura A. (1977). Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychol Rev. 84(2):191-215. doi:10.1037//0033-295x.84.2.191 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-295X.84.2.191

[31] Arshed M, Mahmud AB, Minhat HS, Ying LP, Umer MF. (2023). Effectiveness of mHealth Interventions in Medication Adherence among Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review. Diseases. 11(1):41. doi:10.3390/diseases11010041 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases11010041

[32] Cutler RL, Fernandez-Llimos F, Frommer M, Benrimoj C, Garcia-Cardenas V. (2018). Economic impact of medication non-adherence by disease groups: a systematic review. BMJ Open. 8(1):e016982. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016982 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016982

[33] Nieuwlaat R, Wilczynski N, Navarro T, et al. (2014). Interventions for enhancing medication adherence. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014(11):CD000011. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000011.pub4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD000011.pub4

[34] Mastal M, Levine J. (2012). The value of registered nurses in ambulatory care settings: a survey. Nurs Econ. 30(5):295-304.

[35] O'Malley AS, Reschovsky JD. (2011). Referral and consultation communication between primary care and specialist physicians: finding common ground. Arch Intern Med. 171(1):56-65. doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2010.480

[36] Stille CJ, Primack WA. (2011). Interspecialty communication: old problem, new hope?. Arch Intern Med. 171(14):1300. doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2011.326 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2011.326

[37] Thayakaran R, Adderley NJ, Sainsbury C, et al. (2019). Thyroid replacement therapy, thyroid stimulating hormone concentrations, and long term health outcomes in patients with hypothyroidism: longitudinal study. BMJ. 366:l4892. doi:10.1136/bmj.l4892 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l4892

[38] Jonklaas J, Bianco AC, Bauer AJ, et al. (2014). Guidelines for the treatment of hypothyroidism: prepared by the american thyroid association task force on thyroid hormone replacement. Thyroid. 24(12):1670-1751. doi:10.1089/thy.2014.0028 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2014.0028

[39] Negarandeh R, Mahmoodi H, Noktehdan H, Heshmat R, Shakibazadeh E. (2013). Teach back and pictorial image educational strategies on knowledge about diabetes and medication/dietary adherence among low health literate patients with type 2 diabetes. Prim Care Diabetes. 7(2):111-118. doi:10.1016/j.pcd.2012.11.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcd.2012.11.001

[40] Word A, Davidson K, Elsayed E. (2012). Levothyroxine and prednisone causing generalized weakness in a middle-aged man. Case Rep Endocrinol. 2012:616930. doi:10.1155/2012/616930 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/616930

[41] Chisholm-Burns MA, Kim Lee J, Spivey CA, et al. (2010). US pharmacists' effect as team members on patient care: systematic review and meta-analyses. Med Care. 48(10):923-933. doi:10.1097/MLR.0b013e3181e57962 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/MLR.0b013e3181e57962

[42] O'Malley AS, Reschovsky JD. Referral and consultation communication between primary care and specialist physicians: finding common ground. Arch Intern Med. 2011;171(1):56-65. doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2010.480 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2010.480

Downloads

Published

2024-12-30

How to Cite

Almutlaq Ahlam Mohammed T, Mohammed Hamoud ALSAADI, Maryam Muallaq Ajjaj ALRUWAILI, Alanazı, Khulood Naıf K, Alenezı, Abdulmajıd Ayed N, Faza Thanı Awad ALRUWAILI, … Almıglad, Budur Turkı M. (2024). The Role of Nursing and Pharmacy in Enhancing Daily Medication Adherence Among Thyroid Patients. International Journal of Computational and Experimental Science and Engineering, 10(4). https://doi.org/10.22399/ijcesen.3947

Issue

Vol. 10 No. 4 (2024): IJCESEN

Section

Research Article

License

Copyright (c) 2024 International Journal of Computational and Experimental Science and Engineering

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.